abstract: in the article the view of management as an activity that can be implemented at different levels, depending on the motivation of the subject.
Keywords: creativity, activity, management, knowledge, foresight.
Annotation: the article suggests a view on management as an activity that can be carried out at different levels, depending on the motivation of the subject.
Keywords: creativity, activity, management, cognition, foresight.
In the section book stores "psychology for business" you can find many books dedicated to the so-called "strategic thinking", "strategic planning", "strategic management", etc. Are trainings and master-classes with detailed analysis of "strategic decisions" of businessmen and generals.
to call this theme is designed from a scientific psychological point of view at the moment is impossible. To the practical application of most scientific theories gets high latency and loss of contents. Important cycle-by-cycle refresh, Supplement, and clarify, filling the information space.
Approaching governance from the point of view of the activity approach in psychology, we can define it as an activity during which occurs the preparation of internal and external conditions of adoption and implementation of solutions aimed at meeting the needs of the subject.
the Management includes: 1. The objectification of needs; 2. The collection and analysis of data about the conditions; 3. Goal-setting; 4. Planning; 5. The creation of the strategy; 6. The preparation conditions of implementation of the strategy; 7. The adoption of adequate circumstances making; 8. The enforcement of decisions; 9. Monitoring the implementation of decisions; 10. Summing up
In addition, the collection and analysis of data, which can be fully consciously and automatically, thread management, like any other activity, because it is a natural process of mental functioning.
As can be seen from the definition and enumeration of the components of the control stages in the implementation of the control there is a whole list of foods, mostly mental, which in most activities that have instrumental value.
We have described the full cycle, starting with conception and ending with the summing up. Not always the whole cycle is implemented by the man we called "Manager", "commander" or "Manager". Most people endowed with appropriate social position, limited to partial participation in this cycle, acting as agents, the distributors, and not the subjects of management. For example, take and lead in the execution of the decision in accordance with the principles laid down in them once and for all these regulations.
a Full-fledged subject of management is the one who predmatchevoe need, that is, generates a plan, and summarizes the results. Even if he does just that, it just means that he has thought through and implemented the flow of other phases of the cycle indirectly by other actors, i.e. delegate them, in the language of management.
And that brings us to the question of who and how generates a plan, i.e. some initial vague premonition of the final result of future activities. From the point of view of F. E. the Wasiluk, who developed the idea of K. Levina (according to which the individual and they perceived the surrounding world are a single vector field, the specificity of which is determined by the subjective significance of all that is perceived and understood) the concept of life-worlds (the unity of the internal and external conditions of human existence), the idea becomes necessary to gain personal integrity in the creative life of the world. Life-world, which distinguishes the internal complexity and external complexity and a Central instrument which is the will.
Particularity of the life-world is that in it the subject refuses the reduction of both internal and external chaos to one Central condition and agrees on a conscious constant and never current reconstruction models of reality. Thus, mental activity, the former to that of the jet, acquires a new quality, accommodating the integrity and conscious self-regulation, the same will. Conditions cease to be the boundaries of the individual, realize and accept them.
And this leads us to the question of how the resulting environment can be understood and accepted by the subject control.
Here unfolds before us two scenarios, in the first case, defines the management of demand will be outside activities, that is, management will be aimed at achieving a particular, relevant for the subject purpose, for example, to earn money. In the second case, the purpose of the activity will be in itself, that is, the motive will be shifted to the development of some basic inherent activities of the mechanism.
As we said above – the collection and analysis of data permeates management as any other activity at all stages and is involved with the creation of each generated it of the product, determining its quality.
Ask yourself, in which case, the model of reality that will be subject most likely to be the most complete, reliable and allows you to look objectively at the opportunities and limitations? When will dominate the external goal or the internal? When the process of analysis and synthesis of data will be carried out deliberately or automatically?
From our point of view, the answer lies in the process-the activity theory of creativity. Diana Borisovna Bogoyavlenskaya, the founder of the approach, gives the following definition of creativity is the development of activities on its own initiative, of the individual, prompted by its internal incentives, and excretory activities beyond the requirements of the situation. Thus, creativity is freed from the "genre" distinctions. Be it artistic activity or a theoretical, or even communication – can all be creative, if a subject develops it driven by its own internal stimulus.
the Motive for that can maximize the tendency of development of control activities, therefore, is knowledge. It is the desire to know how to create the most accurate models of reality, can lead least indirectly, with a maximum energy gain to create such a model. While the desire to earn money or receive any other benefit, external to activities, limit our view of the subject to only those elements and only those paths that are clearly to this good news, and the learning process will be reduced to an automatic mechanism that you need to "slip" with the lowest cost for achieving the final goal.
the Only result of striving for wholeness, a holistic view, encourage the dominant motive of cognition, the subject offers the largest number of opportunities and constraints of the situation, according to the power of his intellect. The mechanism that defines the essence of creativity in management we call foresight.
And because the work involves a preoccupation with subject of activity fully, of course, is the foresight with the active participation of consciousness.
Thus, the mechanism is the most perfect of the available to the subject methods of implementation of management activities will require him to translate mental activity into a new quality. Being reactive is the process of constructing a model of reality, mind must be enriched by the integrity and conscious of the arbitrariness, that is the will. A leading motivation should be that permeates all the activities of knowledge as an independent value.
So the meaning of activities, the vertex setting determines the quality of the final result.
references:
- Bogoyavlenskaya D. B. Psychology of creativity: the Monograph. Samara: Publishing house "Fedorov", 2009.
- Vasilyuk F. E. Psychology experiences (analysis of overcoming critical situations), Moscow: Moscow University press, 1984.
- Swedowski O. V., Zhelyabin, A.V., Uskov I. N. Periodic system of the elements of communication, 2016
!
