Correction of communicative competence of older adolescents with hearing impairment – most important area of work with children in this category. This is because in adolescence, interpersonal communication with peers acts as a leading activity, it absorbed the rules and norms of interaction in society, formed the individual models of communication and behavior. In the case when the acoustic analyzer is broken, the development of communication begins to suffer: distorted sense of oneself as a subject of communication, to deform the forming process of the image of another person in communication, etc. that is What allows us to say that the correction of communicative competence is important both for the personality of adolescents with hearing impairment and their further social adaptation.
the Aim of our study was the development and validation of a diagnostic program for the study of communicative competence of adolescents with hearing impairment, the development and implementation of correctional-developing programme for the development of communicative competence in children of this category and also the control of the diagnosis and analysis of the results of correctional work.
objectives of the study
- to Perform scientific literature on the problem of studying the communicative competence of older adolescents with hearing impairment.
- Prepare and implement a diagnostic program aimed at the study of communicative competence of adolescents with hearing impairment.
- to Develop and test remedial and developmental program aimed at the development of communicative competence of adolescents with hearing impairment.
- to diagnose after the implementation of correctional-developing program to describe the results, draw conclusions about the dynamics and efficiency.
the Study was conducted on the basis of the State educational institutions of the Tula region "Tula regional center of education" Department of adapted General education students with hearing impairment number 3.
In the diagnosis participated 5 children with hearing impairment at the age of 15-16 years. Of them 3 boys and 2 girls (table 1).
table 1. List teen
№ p/pGenderAgeDiagnosis15 1m. levostoronnee sensorineural hearing loss 1 степени2д.16 levostoronnee sensorineural hearing loss 2 степени3м.15 levostoronnee sensorineural hearing loss 3 степени4д.15 levostoronnee sensorineural hearing loss 2 степени5м.16 levostoronnee sensorineural hearing loss grade 3research Methods
- Methods of study of needs in communication (modification of A. G. Gretsova);
- Technique “Diagnosis of emotional barriers in interpersonal communication" (S. L. Bratchenko);
- Technique “Identifying communicative aptitudes of pupils" (R. V. Ovcharova);
- Technique “Test communicative skills" (Leonid Mikhelson in the adaptation of Y. Z. Gilboa);
- Technique “Diagnosis of communicative control" (M. Schneider);
- Technique "Diagnostics of the level of empathy" (I. M. Yusupov);
- Technique “analysis of Bodily movements" (N. Yu. Oganesyan).
Dance / movement therapy was chosen as the main means of correction of communicative competence. First, the dance is the first form of communication that occurred in the preverbal amochu. By itself, it already takes mental and emotional voltage, stimulates creative activity. The use of dance in a correctional order makes his tool more deep and empathic communication than everyday verbal interaction, which is comfortable and safe for teenager base of expressing ourselves and and acquiring a new communication experience. Second, dance / movement therapy meets the requirements of the age: the events of intense and rapid changes in the body of a teenager, as a rule, are accompanied by objective and subjective difficulties.
Motor exercises aimed at understanding and acceptance of the teenager themselves, their body and changes in his body. the Body is the continuation of the human psyche, therefore, working with bodily sensations, we can help to increase the range of available forms of external behavior of adolescents, to respond to the suppressed experiences and emotions that “stuck” on the corporeal level, to establish the manifestations of the emotional-volitional sphere, to make them congruent situation to uncover new patterns for the child to communicate with others. Third, dance / movement therapy correlated with specific disturbances of the auditory analyzer: since the verbal aspect of communication difficult, working through non-verbal interaction helps to minimize the discomfort and the impact of psychological barriers, to reduce the feeling of stiffness and awkwardness because of the difficulty of perceiving information by ear. On the contrary, through the moving of resource capabilities of non-verbal communication enhanced: teenager explores your capabilities and yourself, recognize your feelings and emotions, trying to experience and Express. In bodily interaction, the teenager forms a more clear image of self, image of other people, begins to alter their behavioural habits, leading to more effective engagement.
the Correctional-educational program consisted of 12 sessions of 60 minutes each, conducted twice a week. Form of work: group, pairs, individual.
study Results
In the course of correctional and developing work by means of dance / movement therapy with older adolescents with hearing impairment in the group there is a positive dynamics in all studied parameters and all the selected components of communicative competence.
the Need to communicate that 60% of Teens increased by one level, 20% of the subjects – for two levels, at 20% level has remained the same, however, the results in points closer to the upper limit. Teenagers began to strive more for others than it was before, gradually began to emerge from the cocoon and dives in itself, and more to actively go to contacts. In the team feel empowered and liberated.
the Impact of communication barriers have fallen 60% on one level, the 40% level has remained unchanged, however, the positive dynamics can be seen in all on average 3.6 points. It may be noted that emotions continue to complicate communication with others, however these symptoms are more situational and rare, than before. In unfamiliar surroundings, teenagers are also influenced by emotion, however a strong obstacle and a barrier to communication anxiety is not. As noted by the teenagers, they faster get used to and adapt to unfamiliar people, to communicate in this case, it becomes much easier and freer.
In the communicative skills of the competent type of response to different situations increased on average by 2-3%, while each child has a dominance characteristic of the type of response by reducing the number of wrong answers. The most pressing problem is the ability to respond to criticism and to say “no”, but the ability to accept the support and compliments from friends, to seek help to become more formed.
Regarding the level of empathy, only 20% of the subjects went up to the next level of development of empathy (from medium to high), 80% of adolescents the dynamics observed inside the level and it is not uniform. The best dynamics on the scale was identified to children and strangers. This is seen in other methods, as well as by the statements of the adolescents who shared that with a stranger to make contact has become a bit easier.
changes in the level of communicative control, is expressed in the higher 40%. In a study of adolescents with hearing impairment was observed great sincerity and immediate, but usually, in most cases, they remain emotionally reserved. For them is still very important to assess the reaction to the behavior from the outside, so they are carefully looking her interlocutor, adapt their behavior.
the Formation of communicative aptitudes showed that 40% of children improved to the level indicators. The other 60% too, there have been improvements, but they do not go beyond the current level. In life this manifested itself in greater concentration, the ability to self-organize. Adolescents with hearing impairment the ability to lead peers and convince them of the correctness of more formed than before. In addition, decreased stiffness in the unfamiliar group, though most social circle still consists mainly of close friends and relatives.
According to the analysis of bodily movements, that 60% of Teens the result up one level, the 40% level remained. According to the results of the work done in adolescents with hearing impairment stereotyping declined significantly, although remains in the improvisations. There is great freedom in the movements, the most relaxed and interested in interaction with other people through dance and the body. The movement became involved in all parts of the body, the body of the clamps is gradually reduced, Teens use much more space than before, there were movements in different levels. After school emotional background was significantly improved, mood improved. Many needed support and approval, upon receipt of which more successfully improvise and Express themselves. All the children began to more actively show their emotions and feelings, or to Express and convey to others.
In General, we can say that the correctional-educational program for adolescents with hearing impairment was effective. The dynamics is positive, although quite slow due to organic lesions, and secondary disorders. The level of all studied parameters is gradually moving to normal.
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